{"id":58880,"date":"2025-11-16T01:38:42","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T00:38:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/glossary\/pequena-y-mediana-empresa\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T15:07:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T13:07:51","slug":"pequena-y-mediana-empresa","status":"publish","type":"glosario","link":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/?glosario=pequena-y-mediana-empresa","title":{"rendered":"peque\u00f1a y mediana empresa"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ttr_start\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Una empresa que se caracteriza por tener un tama\u00f1o, volumen de negocios y cantidad de empleados reducida en comparaci\u00f3n con las grandes corporaciones.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Descripci\u00f3n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">La clasificaci\u00f3n exacta var\u00eda seg\u00fan el pa\u00eds y la legislaci\u00f3n (a menudo utilizando criterios como el n\u00famero de empleados, el volumen de facturaci\u00f3n o el balance general anual).<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">Generalmente, las PYMEs agrupan tres categor\u00edas de empresas:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\">microempresas<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\">peque\u00f1as empresas<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"> empresas<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caracteristicas\"><\/span>Caracter\u00edsticas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Las PYME suelen compartir una serie de caracter\u00edsticas distintivas que influyen en su operaci\u00f3n y su rol en la econom\u00eda.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Dimension_reducida_criterios_cuantitativos\"><\/span>1. Dimensi\u00f3n reducida (criterios cuantitativos)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">El criterio m\u00e1s definitorio es el tama\u00f1o, limitado en:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"11\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,0\"><b>Empleados:<\/b> Generalmente tienen menos de 250 personas (este l\u00edmite es com\u00fan, por ejemplo, en la Uni\u00f3n Europea).<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1,0,0\"><i>Microempresas:<\/i> Usualmente tienen menos de 10 empleados.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1,1,0\"><i>Peque\u00f1as empresas:<\/i> Entre 10 y 49 empleados, aproximadamente.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1,2,0\"><i>Medianas empresas:<\/i> Entre 50 y 249 empleados, aproximadamente.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,1,0\"><b>Volumen de negocio\/ventas:<\/b> Sus ingresos anuales y activos suelen ser limitados en comparaci\u00f3n con las grandes empresas.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Estructura_y_flexibilidad_criterios_cualitativos\"><\/span>2. Estructura y flexibilidad (criterios cualitativos)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"13\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\"><b>Estructura simple:<\/b> Su jerarqu\u00eda es plana, con pocos niveles de mando, lo que facilita la comunicaci\u00f3n directa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\"><b>Capacidad de adaptaci\u00f3n y flexibilidad:<\/b> Gracias a su tama\u00f1o, pueden modificar sus procesos, lanzar nuevos productos o responder a cambios del mercado con mayor rapidez que una gran empresa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\"><b>Toma de decisiones centralizada:<\/b> Las decisiones importantes suelen recaer en el fundador o en un equipo directivo peque\u00f1o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Ambito_de_operacion_y_relacion_con_clientes\"><\/span>3. \u00c1mbito de operaci\u00f3n y relaci\u00f3n con clientes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"15\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15,0,0\"><b>\u00c1mbito geogr\u00e1fico limitado:<\/b> Tienden a operar en una localizaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica m\u00e1s reducida, siendo un pilar del desarrollo econ\u00f3mico local.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15,1,0\"><b>Proximidad al cliente:<\/b> Mantienen un trato m\u00e1s personal y directo con sus clientes, lo que les permite entender y enfocarse mejor en nichos de mercado espec\u00edficos.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15,2,0\"><b>Propiedad familiar:<\/b> En muchos casos, son propiedad de una o varias familias y est\u00e1n dirigidas por ellas.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Recursos_y_desafios\"><\/span>4. Recursos y desaf\u00edos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"17\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\"><b>Recursos limitados:<\/b> Cuentan con menos recursos financieros, tecnol\u00f3gicos y de personal en comparaci\u00f3n con las grandes corporaciones. Esto puede llevar a que los empleados manejen m\u00faltiples responsabilidades.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\"><b>Mayor vulnerabilidad:<\/b> Debido a sus recursos limitados y m\u00e1rgenes de ganancia ajustados, son m\u00e1s susceptibles a las crisis econ\u00f3micas o a la competencia de empresas m\u00e1s grandes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\"><b>Menor burocracia:<\/b> Sus procesos administrativos suelen ser menos complejos y menos burocr\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Mas informaci\u00f3n<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:24;--minFontSize:24;line-height:1.5;\">Recursos en l\u00ednea<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-1 fusion-columns-total-1 fusion-content-boxes-1 content-boxes-icon-with-title content-left\" style=\"--awb-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;--awb-item-margin-bottom:40px;\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/ipyme.org\/es-es\/Paginas\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-external-link-alt fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">Portal IPYME<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p>Portal institucional del Ministerio de Industria y Turismo de Espa\u00f1a que ofrece informaci\u00f3n sobre normativa y pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas, estad\u00edsticas y publicaciones de la PYME.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/ipyme.org\/es-es\/Paginas\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IPYME.org<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:60px;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dotted\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:#000000;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ttr_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[]},"glosario_categoria":[7001],"glosario_tag":[7045,6992,7017,7087],"class_list":["post-58880","glosario","type-glosario","status-publish","hentry","glosario_categoria-organizaciones-negocios","glosario_tag-analisis-economico","glosario_tag-desarrollo-economico","glosario_tag-gestion-empresarial","glosario_tag-microeconomia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario\/58880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/glosario"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glosario_categoria","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_categoria&post=58880"},{"taxonomy":"glosario_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_tag&post=58880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}