{"id":58957,"date":"2025-05-24T18:37:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-24T16:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/glossary\/diagrama-de-ishikawa\/"},"modified":"2025-05-24T18:37:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-24T16:37:07","slug":"diagrama-de-ishikawa","status":"publish","type":"glosario","link":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/?glosario=diagrama-de-ishikawa","title":{"rendered":"diagrama de Ishikawa"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ttr_start\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p class=\"p1\">Una t\u00e9cnica usada en gesti\u00f3n de calidad para identificar, analizar y representar gr\u00e1ficamente las posibles causas de un problema espec\u00edfico.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Descripci\u00f3n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>Es <strong>una de las siete herramientas b\u00e1sicas de la calidad<\/strong> y fue desarrollado por Kaoru Ishikawa en Jap\u00f3n en la d\u00e9cada de 1940.<\/p>\n<p>Presenta la siguiente estructura:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Se compone de una l\u00ednea principal o \u00abespina dorsal\u00bb que apunta hacia el \u00abefecto\u00bb o problema (la cabeza del pez).<\/li>\n<li>De la espina dorsal se desprenden l\u00edneas diagonales o \u00abespinas mayores\u00bb que representan las categor\u00edas principales de las causas.<\/li>\n<li>De cada espina mayor, se extienden l\u00edneas m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as para detallar las subcausas o causas espec\u00edficas dentro de esa categor\u00eda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Se utiliza fundamentalmente para estructurar la lluvia de ideas y asegurar que todas las posibles fuentes de un problema sean consideradas, evitando enfocarse s\u00f3lo en los s\u00edntomas.<\/p>\n<p>Las otras t\u00e9cnicas de an\u00e1lisis y visualizaci\u00f3n de datos usadas habitualmente en gesti\u00f3n de la calidad son:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>hoja de verificaci\u00f3n u hoja de recolecci\u00f3n de datos<\/li>\n<li>diagrama de Pareto<\/li>\n<li>histograma<\/li>\n<li>gr\u00e1fico de control<\/li>\n<li>diagrama de dispersi\u00f3n<\/li>\n<li>t\u00e9cnica de estratificaci\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elaboracion_y_analisis\"><\/span>Elaboraci\u00f3n y an\u00e1lisis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Definir_el_efecto_o_problema\"><\/span>1. Definir el efecto o problema<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Se trata de identificar y definir el problema o efecto que se desea analizar de la forma m\u00e1s clara y concisa posible (ej. \u00abAlta tasa de defectos en el producto X\u00bb, \u00abBajo rendimiento de ventas\u00bb).<\/p>\n<p>Se dibuja la espina dorsal (l\u00ednea horizontal) y el problema en el extremo derecho (la cabeza del pez), encerrando el problema en un recuadro.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Identificar_las_categorias_principales_de_causas\"><\/span>2. Identificar las categor\u00edas principales de causas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Determinaremos las categor\u00edas o grupos principales que podr\u00edan estar afectando al problema. \u00c9stas se dibujan como espinas mayores que se conectan a la espina dorsal. En el sector de manufactura, a menudo se utilizan las 6M como est\u00e1ndar. En el sector servicios o para problemas espec\u00edficos se pueden usar otras categor\u00edas (ej.: 4P, Personas, Procedimientos, Provisores, <em>Place<\/em>\/Lugar).<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Realizar_una_lluvia_de_ideas_y_detallar_las_causas\"><\/span>3. Realizar una lluvia de ideas y detallar las causas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Para cada categor\u00eda principal, el equipo realiza una lluvia de ideas para identificar todas las posibles causas espec\u00edficas que podr\u00edan contribuir al problema.<\/p>\n<p>A continuaci\u00f3n se apuntan estas causas espec\u00edficas como l\u00edneas m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as que se ramifican de la espina mayor correspondiente.<\/p>\n<p>Si una causa es muy compleja, puede ramificarse en subcausas a\u00fan m\u00e1s detalladas.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Analizar_el_diagrama_y_priorizar\"><\/span>4. Analizar el diagrama y priorizar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Una vez completo, el diagrama ofrece una visi\u00f3n integral de todas las posibles causas.<\/p>\n<p>El equipo debe analizar el diagrama y usar m\u00e9todos adicionales (como la t\u00e9cnica de los 5 Porqu\u00e9s, el diagrama de Pareto o la recopilaci\u00f3n de datos) para:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Seleccionar las causas que parecen m\u00e1s probables y significativas.<\/li>\n<li>Verificar cu\u00e1les de ellas son las reales causas ra\u00edz, bas\u00e1ndose en datos y evidencia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Definir_la_accion_correctiva\"><\/span>5. Definir la acci\u00f3n correctiva<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Finalmente, se definen e implementan acciones concretas para abordar y eliminar las causas ra\u00edz prioritarias, buscando una soluci\u00f3n definitiva al problema en lugar de s\u00f3lo tratar los s\u00edntomas.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Ejemplos<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\" style=\"border:1px solid #000000;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" alt=\"Diagrama de Ishikawa con modelo 6M.\" title=\"Ishikawa\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-scaled.jpeg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-300x200.jpeg\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-52006\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201707%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271707%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-200x133.jpeg 200w, https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-400x267.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-600x400.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-800x533.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Imatge-8-1200x800.jpeg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Diagrama de Ishikawa con modelo 6M. Elaborado mediante inteligencia artificial.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Enlaces<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-span-yes fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaoru_Ishikawa\"><i class=\"fa-wikipedia-w fab awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Kaoru Ishikawa<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ttr_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[]},"glosario_categoria":[7007,7001],"glosario_tag":[7040,7038,7004],"class_list":["post-58957","glosario","type-glosario","status-publish","hentry","glosario_categoria-gestion-de-proyectos","glosario_categoria-organizaciones-negocios","glosario_tag-analisis-de-negocios","glosario_tag-gestion-de-la-calidad","glosario_tag-gestion-de-proyectos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario\/58957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/glosario"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glosario_categoria","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_categoria&post=58957"},{"taxonomy":"glosario_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_tag&post=58957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}