{"id":59008,"date":"2025-03-31T13:46:08","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T11:46:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/glossary\/conjunto-de-datos\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T13:46:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T11:46:08","slug":"conjunto-de-datos","status":"publish","type":"glosario","link":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/?glosario=conjunto-de-datos","title":{"rendered":"conjunto de datos"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ttr_start\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Una colecci\u00f3n de datos relacionados que se considera como una sola unidad.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Descripci\u00f3n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>T\u00edpicamente, un <em>dataset<\/em> se organiza en un formato tabular, similar a una hoja de c\u00e1lculo o una tabla de base de datos.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Estructura\"><\/span>Estructura<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Filas:<\/b> Representan observaciones (registros o instancias), como una persona individual, una transacci\u00f3n o una medici\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li><b>Columnas:<\/b> Representan variables (atributos o <i>features<\/i>), que son las caracter\u00edsticas o propiedades que se miden o registran para cada observaci\u00f3n (por ejemplo: nombre, edad, precio, temperatura).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Funcion\"><\/span>Funci\u00f3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Son el fundamento de campos como el aprendizaje autom\u00e1tico, la estad\u00edstica y el an\u00e1lisis de datos. Los datasets se utilizan para:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Entrenar modelos:<\/b> En <i>machine learning<\/i>, un modelo aprende patrones a partir de un <em>dataset<\/em> de entrenamiento.<\/li>\n<li><b>Realizar an\u00e1lisis:<\/b> En estad\u00edstica y an\u00e1lisis de datos los <em>datasets<\/em> se usan para encontrar tendencias o correlaciones y obtener informaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li><b>Visualizaci\u00f3n:<\/b> Se utilizan para crear gr\u00e1ficos y representaciones visuales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Herramientas<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p>La elecci\u00f3n de la tecnolog\u00eda para crear o administrar <em>datasets<\/em> depende mucho del tama\u00f1o, el formato y el entorno de trabajo (local o en la nube).<\/p>\n<p>A continuaci\u00f3n, una lista breve de las TIC m\u00e1s habituales, agrupadas por su funci\u00f3n principal.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analisis_y_visualizacion\"><\/span><b>An\u00e1lisis y\u00a0<\/b>visualizaci\u00f3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Las hojas de c\u00e1lculo y las plataformas de elaboraci\u00f3n de gr\u00e1ficos e informes son valiosas herramientas de gesti\u00f3n de <em>datasets<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-3 fusion-columns-total-3 fusion-content-boxes-1 content-boxes-icon-with-title content-left\" style=\"--awb-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-first-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/excel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-calculator fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">Hojas de c\u00e1lculo<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p><strong>Excel<\/strong> y sus alternativas (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/google-sheets\/\">Google Sheets<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/calc\/\">Calc<\/a> <\/strong>o <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/numbers\/\">Numbers<\/a><\/strong>, por ejemplo) facilita la creaci\u00f3n, limpieza manual y administraci\u00f3n b\u00e1sica de datos tabulares (archivos CSV\/XLSX).<\/p>\n<p>Es ideal para <em>datasets<\/em> peque\u00f1os a medianos.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/excel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 fusion-content-box-hover \"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/power-bi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-chart-line fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">Power BI<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p><strong>Power BI<\/strong> es una potente herramienta de inteligencia de negocios.<\/p>\n<p>Permite crear informes interactivos a partir de m\u00faltiples fuentes de datos.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/power-bi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/tableau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-chart-pie fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">Tableau<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p><b>Tableau<\/b> es s\u00f3lo un ejemplo (aunque de los m\u00e1s completos) de plataforma digital para la visualizaci\u00f3n interactiva de los datos.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/tableau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lenguajes_de_programacion\"><\/span>Lenguajes de programaci\u00f3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Estos lenguajes, junto con sus librer\u00edas, son las herramientas m\u00e1s potentes para la creaci\u00f3n, manipulaci\u00f3n y limpieza (<i>data wrangling<\/i>) de <em>datasets<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-2 fusion-columns-total-2 fusion-content-boxes-2 content-boxes-icon-with-title content-left\" style=\"--awb-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-first-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/lenguaje-r-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-laptop-code fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">R<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p>El <strong><\/strong> es muy popular en el \u00e1mbito estad\u00edstico. Ofrece herramientas robustas para manipulaci\u00f3n y an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico de <em>datasets<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/lenguaje-r-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-python fab circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">Python<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p><b> <\/b>es el est\u00e1ndar de la industria.<\/p>\n<p>Existe un gran n\u00famero de librer\u00edas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/pandas\/\"><b>Pandas<\/b><\/a> es la librer\u00eda fundamental para leer, escribir, manipular, limpiar, transformar y analizar datasets de forma estructurada.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/numpy\/\"><b>NumPy<\/b><\/a> se usa para el c\u00e1lculo num\u00e9rico eficiente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sistemas_de_bases_de_datos\"><\/span>Sistemas de bases de datos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Son las herramientas adecuadas para la administraci\u00f3n de datos masivos o de conjuntos de datos din\u00e1micos que requieren ser actualizados constantemente.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-2 fusion-columns-total-2 fusion-content-boxes-3 content-boxes-icon-with-title content-left\" style=\"--awb-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-first-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/mysql\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-database fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">MySQL<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p>La funci\u00f3n de <strong>MySQL<\/strong> es la creaci\u00f3n, almacenamiento, administraci\u00f3n y consulta eficiente de <em>datasets<\/em> estructurados (<i>Structured Query Language<\/i>). Es fundamental para extraer los datos brutos que luego se convertir\u00e1n en un <em>dataset<\/em> de an\u00e1lisis.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/mysql\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#ffffff;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button-bar icon-hover-animation-fade\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/mongodb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 21px;line-height:normal;font-size:21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-server fas circle-no\"><\/i><\/div><h4 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h4_typography-font-size:20px;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.5;\">MongoDB<\/h4><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p><strong>MongoDB<\/strong> es un sistema de gesti\u00f3n de bases de datos NoSQL orientado a documentos.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\" fusion-read-more fusion-button-bar\" style=\"float:left;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/biblioteca-4\/mongodb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">+ informaci\u00f3n<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Ejemplos<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:15px;--awb-content-font-size:20px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#cccccc;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#000000;--awb-divider-hover-color:#000000;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#af7baf;--awb-content-color:#747474;--awb-icon-box-color:#333333;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#9b00af;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:20px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-59008-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-a0fe819b4fdf6318b fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#af7baf;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_a0fe819b4fdf6318b\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"a0fe819b4fdf6318b\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-59008-1\" data-target=\"#a0fe819b4fdf6318b\" href=\"#a0fe819b4fdf6318b\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Ejemplos comunes<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"a0fe819b4fdf6318b\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_a0fe819b4fdf6318b\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Tipo de dataset<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Contenido t\u00edpico<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Tabular<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Datos de clientes, registros de ventas, informaci\u00f3n de censo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Series de tiempo<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Precios de acciones a lo largo del tiempo, lecturas de sensores por hora.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Im\u00e1genes<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Colecci\u00f3n de fotos etiquetadas (p.ej., para clasificaci\u00f3n de objetos).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Texto<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Cuerpos de documentos o transcripciones (p.ej., para an\u00e1lisis de sentimiento).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-e6136364707a69d3f fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#af7baf;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_e6136364707a69d3f\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e6136364707a69d3f\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-59008-1\" data-target=\"#e6136364707a69d3f\" href=\"#e6136364707a69d3f\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Iris Dataset<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"e6136364707a69d3f\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_e6136364707a69d3f\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>El <b>Iris Dataset<\/b> <strong>o Dataset de Fisher<\/strong> es quiz\u00e1s el conjunto de datos m\u00e1s famoso y utilizado en el mundo del aprendizaje autom\u00e1tico\u00a0y la estad\u00edstica.\u00a0Se trata de un conjunto de datos multivariables introducido por el estad\u00edstico y bi\u00f3logo brit\u00e1nico Ronald Fisher en 1936.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Estructura-2\"><\/span>Estructura<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Observaciones (filas):<\/b> Contiene 150 muestras en total.<\/li>\n<li><b>Variables (columnas):<\/b> Tiene 5 atributos (caracter\u00edsticas) por muestra:\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><b>Longitud del s\u00e9palo<\/b> (<em>Sepal Length<\/em>) en cm.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ancho del s\u00e9palo<\/b> (<em>Sepal Width<\/em>) en cm.<\/li>\n<li><b>Longitud del p\u00e9talo<\/b> (<em>Petal Length<\/em>) en cm.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ancho del p\u00e9talo<\/b> (<em>Petal Width<\/em>) en cm.<\/li>\n<li><b>Especie<\/b> (clase): La flor de Iris a la que pertenece la muestra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"El_problema_de_clasificacion\"><\/span>El problema de clasificaci\u00f3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>El objetivo principal de este <i>dataset <\/i>es la clasificaci\u00f3n. Las 150 muestras est\u00e1n divididas equitativamente en tres especies diferentes de flores Iris (50 muestras de cada una):<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><i>Iris setosa<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Iris versicolor<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Iris virginica<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>El desaf\u00edo es clasificar una nueva flor en una de estas tres especies bas\u00e1ndose \u00fanicamente en las cuatro medidas num\u00e9ricas (longitud\/ancho de s\u00e9palo y p\u00e9talo).<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFPor_que_es_tan_famoso\"><\/span>\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es tan famoso?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Simplicidad:<\/b> Es peque\u00f1o, limpio y f\u00e1cil de entender. Es el punto de partida ideal para principiantes en <i>machine learning<\/i>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Referencia est\u00e1ndar:<\/b> Sirve como un punto de referencia (<i>benchmark<\/i>) com\u00fan para probar y comparar el rendimiento de nuevos algoritmos de clasificaci\u00f3n, como el <i>Perceptr\u00f3n<\/i>, <i>Support Vector Machines<\/i> o los <i>\u00c1rboles de decisi\u00f3n<\/i>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Visualizaci\u00f3n clara:<\/b> Sus caracter\u00edsticas permiten ver de forma gr\u00e1fica que una de las especies (<i>Iris setosa<\/i>) es linealmente separable de las otras dos, mientras que la separaci\u00f3n entre <i>versicolor<\/i> y <i>virginica<\/i> es m\u00e1s compleja, lo que ilustra bien los diferentes retos en la clasificaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"El_aprendizaje_de_un_modelo_de_machine_learning\"><\/span>El aprendizaje de un modelo de <i>machine learning<\/i><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>El objetivo para un algoritmo de clasificaci\u00f3n es usar las cuatro medidas num\u00e9ricas (las caracter\u00edsticas o <i>features<\/i>) para predecir correctamente la especie (la etiqueta o <i>target<\/i>).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Observaci\u00f3n clave:<\/b> Las flores <i>Iris-setosa<\/i> tienden a tener p\u00e9talos y s\u00e9palos mucho m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os que las otras dos, lo que facilita su separaci\u00f3n en un modelo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-ec398b8aa2e5c708e fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#af7baf;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_ec398b8aa2e5c708e\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"ec398b8aa2e5c708e\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-59008-1\" data-target=\"#ec398b8aa2e5c708e\" href=\"#ec398b8aa2e5c708e\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">MNIST<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"ec398b8aa2e5c708e\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_ec398b8aa2e5c708e\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>El <b>MNIST<\/b> (<i>Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology<\/i>) es un gran conjunto de datos de im\u00e1genes de d\u00edgitos escritos a mano (del 0 al 9).<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proposito\"><\/span>Prop\u00f3sito<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>El MNIST se utiliza como el \u00abHola Mundo\u00bb (t\u00edpicamente, primera introducci\u00f3n a un nuevo lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n) en el campo del reconocimiento de patrones y la clasificaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes. El objetivo es entrenar un modelo de <i>machine learning<\/i> (especialmente redes neuronales) para que pueda identificar correctamente qu\u00e9 d\u00edgito est\u00e1 representado en cada imagen.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Estructura-3\"><\/span>Estructura<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Im\u00e1genes:<\/b> Contiene 60.000 im\u00e1genes para el conjunto de entrenamiento y 10.000 im\u00e1genes para el conjunto de prueba.<\/li>\n<li><b>Formato:<\/b> Cada imagen es una cuadr\u00edcula de 28&#215;28 p\u00edxeles en escala de grises.<\/li>\n<li><b>Datos:<\/b> Cada p\u00edxel tiene un valor de 0 a 255, que representa su intensidad (0 es blanco, 255 es negro).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importancia_historica\"><\/span>Importancia hist\u00f3rica<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>El MNIST ha jugado un papel crucial en el desarrollo de las redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) y el aprendizaje profundo (<em>deep learning<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Al ser un dataset estandarizado y relativamente sencillo (pero no trivial), ha permitido a investigadores y desarrolladores:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Probar la eficacia<\/b> de nuevos algoritmos de redes neuronales.<\/li>\n<li><b>Comparar el rendimiento<\/b> de diferentes arquitecturas de modelos.<\/li>\n<li>Sirve como una excelente herramienta de <b>aprendizaje inicial<\/b> para cualquiera que comience a trabajar con visi\u00f3n por computadora.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:60px;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dotted\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:#000000;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ttr_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[]},"glosario_categoria":[7025],"glosario_tag":[7019,7104,7099,7036,7100],"class_list":["post-59008","glosario","type-glosario","status-publish","hentry","glosario_categoria-investigacion-analisis","glosario_tag-analisis-visualizacion-datos","glosario_tag-ciencia-de-datos","glosario_tag-estadistica","glosario_tag-inteligencia-artificial","glosario_tag-metodos-cuantitativos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario\/59008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/glosario"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=59008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glosario_categoria","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_categoria&post=59008"},{"taxonomy":"glosario_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_tag&post=59008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}