{"id":59516,"date":"2020-02-05T18:41:56","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T17:41:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/glossary\/cuadruple-helice\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T15:26:28","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T13:26:28","slug":"cuadruple-helice","status":"publish","type":"glosario","link":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/?glosario=cuadruple-helice","title":{"rendered":"cu\u00e1druple h\u00e9lice"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ttr_start\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Enfoque participativo de la innovaci\u00f3n, sustentado en la colaboraci\u00f3n entre cuatro categor\u00edas de agentes: industria, gobierno, academia y la sociedad civil.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Descripci\u00f3n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-5\">El concepto de cu\u00e1druple h\u00e9lice de innovaci\u00f3n es un modelo<\/span><span class=\"citation-5 citation-end-5\"> que explica c\u00f3mo la interacci\u00f3n entre diferentes sectores de la sociedad genera desarrollo econ\u00f3mico y social.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"citation-4 citation-end-4\">Surgi\u00f3 como una evoluci\u00f3n del modelo de la <em>triple h\u00e9lice<\/em> (universidad, industria, gobierno), al reconocer que la innovaci\u00f3n no ocurre en un laboratorio aislado, sino que necesita del impacto y la validaci\u00f3n de la ciudadan\u00eda de a pie. M\u00e1s tarde, una nueva visi\u00f3n del ecosistema de innovaci\u00f3n incorporar\u00eda un quinto factor, dando origen al modelo de qu\u00edntuple h\u00e9lice.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Los impulsores del t\u00e9rmino fueron Elias G. Carayannis y David F. J. Campbell, que en 2009 publicaron el art\u00edculo fundamental <i data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"90\">\u00abMode 3 Knowledge Production in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems\u00bb<\/i>. All\u00ed establecieron que el modelo original de la triple h\u00e9lice ya no era suficiente. <span class=\"citation-27\">Introdujeron la <\/span><span class=\"citation-27\">\u00absociedad civil\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"citation-27 citation-end-27\"> como la cuarta h\u00e9lice, argumentando que la cultura, los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n y el capital social eran esenciales para que la innovaci\u00f3n tuviera \u00e9xito en la era digital. <\/span>Para ellos, la innovaci\u00f3n deber\u00eda ser un proceso de \u00abco-evoluci\u00f3n\u00bb entre la tecnolog\u00eda y las necesidades sociales.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:24;--minFontSize:24;line-height:1.5;\">Los cuatro pilares<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p data-path-to-node=\"4\">Para que un ecosistema de innovaci\u00f3n funcione de manera equilibrada, estos cuatro actores deben colaborar estrechamente:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Academia: <\/b>Tanto la universidad como los centros de investigaci\u00f3n son las fuentes del conocimiento cient\u00edfico y la formaci\u00f3n de talento. Su rol es investigar y proporcionar la base te\u00f3rica y t\u00e9cnica para la innovaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Industria: <\/b>Las empresas y el sector privado s<span class=\"citation-3 citation-end-3\">e encargan de transformar el conocimiento en productos y servicios comerciales generadores de valor.<\/span> Aportan la inversi\u00f3n, la infraestructura productiva y la visi\u00f3n de mercado.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Gobierno: <\/b>El sector p\u00fablico act\u00faa como regulador y facilitador. Proporciona estabilidad legal, incentivos fiscales, pol\u00edticas de fomento y financiamiento p\u00fablico.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Sociedad civil: <\/b>\u00c9ste es el pilar que diferencia a este modelo respecto al de la triple h\u00e9lice. La ciudadan\u00eda representa la demanda real, la cultura, los valores \u00e9ticos y la participaci\u00f3n ciudadana. Su papel es asegurar que la innovaci\u00f3n responda a necesidades sociales reales.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:24;--minFontSize:24;line-height:1.5;\">Un cambio de perspectiva<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p data-path-to-node=\"8\">La inclusi\u00f3n de la sociedad civil transforma el enfoque de \u00abinnovaci\u00f3n para el mercado\u00bb a \u00abinnovaci\u00f3n para las personas\u00bb. Esto permite:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"9\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"9,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">La innovaci\u00f3n social:<\/b> Resolver problemas como el cambio clim\u00e1tico, la salud p\u00fablica o la desigualdad.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"9,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Una validaci\u00f3n real:<\/b> Los usuarios finales participan en el dise\u00f1o (co-creaci\u00f3n), lo que reduce el riesgo de que un producto fracase.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"9,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u00c9tica y sostenibilidad:<\/b> La sociedad presiona para que los avances tecnol\u00f3gicos no vulneren la privacidad o el medio ambiente.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Ejemplos<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:15px;--awb-content-font-size:20px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#cccccc;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#000000;--awb-divider-hover-color:#000000;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#af7baf;--awb-content-color:#747474;--awb-icon-box-color:#333333;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#9b00af;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:20px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-59516-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-aba506417973def97 fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#af7baf;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_aba506417973def97\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"aba506417973def97\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-59516-1\" data-target=\"#aba506417973def97\" href=\"#aba506417973def97\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Cleantech y cooperativas energ\u00e9ticas <\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"aba506417973def97\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_aba506417973def97\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"0\">El sector de las tecnolog\u00edas limpias <em>(cleantech)<\/em> es quiz\u00e1s el mejor escenario para observar la cu\u00e1druple h\u00e9lice en acci\u00f3n, ya que la transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica no es solo un reto t\u00e9cnico, sino un cambio cultural y pol\u00edtico profundo.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"1\"><span class=\"citation-12\">Tomemos como ejemplo la implementaci\u00f3n de h<\/span><span class=\"citation-12\">idr\u00f3geno verde<\/span><span class=\"citation-12 citation-end-12\"> en una regi\u00f3n industrial.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">Para que una regi\u00f3n pase de usar combustibles f\u00f3siles a hidr\u00f3geno limpio, los cuatro motores deben girar al mismo tiempo.<\/p>\n<div class=\"horizontal-scroll-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"table-block-component\">\n<div class=\"table-block has-export-button\">\n<div class=\"table-content not-end-of-paragraph\">\n<table data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Actor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Rol espec\u00edfico en cleantech<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Ejemplo de acci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Academia<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">I+D+i<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,1,2,0\">Investigadores en qu\u00edmica desarrollan membranas m\u00e1s eficientes para electrolizadores que reducen el uso de metales caros como el platino.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Industria<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Escalabilidad<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,2,2,0\">Empresas energ\u00e9ticas invierten en plantas de electr\u00f3lisis masivas y log\u00edstica para transportar el hidr\u00f3geno a las f\u00e1bricas.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Gobierno<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Marco legal<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,3,2,0\">Crea subsidios para reducir el costo inicial del hidr\u00f3geno y establece normativas de seguridad para su almacenamiento.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Sociedad<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,4,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Aceptaci\u00f3n y uso<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"5,4,2,0\">Comunidades locales aceptan la instalaci\u00f3n de parques e\u00f3licos cercanos y los consumidores eligen productos fabricados con \u00abacero verde\u00bb.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Los_desafios\"><\/span>Los desafios<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9\">Aunque el modelo parece perfecto sobre el papel, en las tecnolog\u00edas limpias surgen tensiones que la cu\u00e1druple h\u00e9lice ayuda a reconducir.<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"10\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">El dilema \u00abNot In My Backyard\u00bb (NIMBY):<\/b> El Gobierno y la Industria pueden querer un parque solar gigante, pero si la sociedad civil no es consultada o no recibe beneficios (como energ\u00eda m\u00e1s barata), el proyecto se bloquea. Aqu\u00ed la cuarta h\u00e9lice es la que \u00abda permiso\u00bb social.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">El valle de la muerte:<\/b> Muchas innovaciones de la academia mueren antes de llegar a la industria por falta de financiamiento. El gobierno interviene aqu\u00ed con fondos de riesgo para que la tecnolog\u00eda limpia sea competitiva frente al petr\u00f3leo.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Las_cooperativas_energeticas\"><\/span>Las cooperativas energ\u00e9ticas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Las cooperativas energ\u00e9ticas son una evidencia del funcionamiento de la cu\u00e1druple h\u00e9lice, porque el impulso nace directamente de la base (la sociedad) para forzar a las otras h\u00e9lices a adaptarse.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"1\">En este modelo, la ciudadan\u00eda deja de ser solo el conjunto de consumidores pasivos que se limitan a pagar la factura y se convierte en <em>prosumidora<\/em>\u00a0(produce y consume su propia energ\u00eda).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Bibliograf\u00eda recomendada<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Campbell, D. F. J., &amp; Carayannis, E. G. (2010). Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix and How Do Knowledge, Innovation and the Environment Relate To Each Other?\u202f: A Proposed Framework for a Trans-disciplinary Analysis of Sustainable Development and Social Ecology. <em>International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development<\/em>, <em>1<\/em>(1), 41-69.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carayannis, E. G., &amp; Campbell, D. F. J. (2009). \u00abMode 3\u00bb and \u00abQuadruple Helix\u00bb: toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem. <em>International Journal of Technology Management<\/em>, <em>46<\/em>(3), 201-234.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carayannis, E. G., &amp; Campbell, D. F. J. (2018). Quadruple and quintuple helix innovation systems and mode 3 knowledge production. En <em>Handbook of Cyber-Development, Cyber-Democracy, and Cyber-Defense<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carayannis, E. G., Campbell, D. F. J., &amp; Grigoroudis, E. (2022). Helix Trilogy: the Triple, Quadruple, and Quintuple Innovation Helices from a Theory, Policy, and Practice Set of Perspectives. <em>Journal of the Knowledge Economy<\/em>, <em>13<\/em>(3), 2272-2301.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carayannis, E. G., Grigoroudis, E., Campbell, D. F. J., Meissner, D., &amp; Stamati, D. (2018). The ecosystem as helix: an exploratory theory-building study of regional co-opetitive entrepreneurial ecosystems as Quadruple\/Quintuple Helix Innovation Models. <em>R&amp;D Management<\/em>, <em>48<\/em>(1).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:36;line-height:1.5;\">Enlaces<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-span-yes fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=ZN_DyIUAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\"><i class=\"fa-google fab awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Elias G. Carayannis<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-span-yes fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=GSNvicMAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\"><i class=\"fa-google fab awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">David F.J. Campbell<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:60px;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dotted\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:#000000;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ttr_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[]},"glosario_categoria":[7247],"glosario_tag":[7239,7101,7058,7240],"class_list":["post-59516","glosario","type-glosario","status-publish","hentry","glosario_categoria-innovacion","glosario_tag-cuadruple-helice","glosario_tag-desarrollo-territorial","glosario_tag-sistema-de-innovacion","glosario_tag-triple-helice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario\/59516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/glosario"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/glosario"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=59516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glosario_categoria","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_categoria&post=59516"},{"taxonomy":"glosario_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carolinacampalans.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fglosario_tag&post=59516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}